CurrentAnesthesia — Respiratory failure & ventilation

Outcomes Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Severe Pneumonia and Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure From SARS-CoV-2 and Other Etiologies

2026-10-28T04:44:26.953Z

Cohort study · JAMA Netw Open, 2023. 90-day in-hospital mortality, 90 days — COVID-19 pneumonia vs non-COVID-19 pneumonia: OR 1.04 (95% CI 0.81 to 1.35); P = .85; propensity score-matched

Prolonged Prone Position Ventilation Is Associated With Reduced Mortality in Intubated COVID-19 Patients

2026-10-28T04:40:50.491Z

Cohort study · Chest, 2022. 30-day all-cause mortality, 30 days — Prolonged PPV vs Intermittent PPV: aHR 0.475 (95% CI 0.336-0.670); P < .001

Prone Positioning for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and ARDS: A Review

2026-10-28T04:40:50.491Z

Research article · Chest, 2022. Review of physiologic features, clinical outcome data, practical considerations and lingering questions of prone positioning

Respiratory Support Techniques for COVID-19-Related ARDS in a Sub-Saharan African Country: A Multicenter Observational Study

2026-10-28T04:40:50.491Z

Cohort study · Chest, 2023. Respiratory support technique used, first-line (most advanced): SOX 37.3% (35.3%) · HFNO 10% (9.4%) · CPAP 11.6% (4.8%) · NIV 23.4% (14.4%) · IMV 17.6% (36.6%)

Temporal Trends and Variation in Bronchoscopy Use for Acute Respiratory Failure in the United States

2026-10-28T04:40:50.491Z

Cohort study · Chest, 2022. Bronchoscopy use among IMV-treated hospitalizations: 2012 9.5% (95% CI 9.1%-9.9%) · 2018 10.8% (95% CI 10.4%-11.2%)

Effect of non-invasive ventilation after extubation in critically ill patients with obesity in France: a multicentre, unblinded, pragmatic randomised clinical trial

2026-10-28T04:39:17.656Z

Randomised controlled trial · Lancet Respir Med, 2023. Treatment failure: composite of reintubation for mechanical ventilation, switch to the other study treatment, or premature discontinuation of study treatment, within 3 days after extubation: NIV 66 (13.5%) · Oxygen therapy 130 (26.5%)

Intravenous ravulizumab in mechanically ventilated patients hospitalised with severe COVID-19: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial

2026-10-28T04:39:17.656Z

Randomised controlled trial · Lancet Respir Med, 2023. Overall survival estimates (multiple imputation), day 29: Ravulizumab plus BSC 58% · BSC 60%

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

2026-10-28T04:39:17.656Z

Cohort study · Lancet Respir Med, 2023. Successfully weaned, day 90: Successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90 3817 (65.0%)

A Randomized Trial of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome from COVID-19

2026-10-28T04:38:28.626Z

Randomised controlled trial · Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2023. Mortality, 30 days: Cell 42 (37.5%) · Control 47 (42.7%)

Do Thresholds for Invasive Ventilation in Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Exist? A Cohort Study

2026-10-28T04:38:28.626Z

Cohort study · Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2023. Highest probability of invasive ventilation within 3 hours of meeting a threshold: MIMIC: after prespecified neurologic or respiratory criteria while on vasopressors 20%

Executive Summary: International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pediatric Ventilator Liberation, A Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network Document

2026-10-28T04:38:28.626Z

Guideline or statement · Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2023.

Guideline-based management of acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome

2026-10-28T04:36:50.728Z

Guideline or statement · J Intensive Care, 2023.

Which spontaneous breathing trial should be used to reproduce post-extubation respiratory effort in COVID-19-related ARDS? A multicenter randomized crossover study

2026-10-28T04:35:18.259Z

Randomised controlled trial · Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med, 2026.

Admission serum sodium and osmolarity are not associated with the occurrence or outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Cohort study · J Crit Care, 2022. Occurrence of ARDS — Admission serum sodium: aOR 0.95 (95% CI 0.86, 1.05); not significant

Clinical outcomes in patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation using NAVA and other ventilation modes - A systematic review and meta-analysis

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Meta-analysis · J Crit Care, 2023. Ventilatory free-days (VFD), 28 days — NAVA vs Control: MD 3.42 (95% CI 1.21 to 5.62); I2 = 0%

Determining respiratory rate using measured expiratory time constant: A prospective observational study

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Cohort study · J Crit Care, 2022. Absolute mean difference between set RR and RRP — Set RR vs RRP: absolute mean difference 2.8 bpm (95% CI 2.3-3.2)

Effects of aggressive and conservative strategies for mechanical ventilation liberation

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Cohort study · J Crit Care, 2023. Time to first liberation attempt: Usual care 43 h

High respiratory effort decreases splanchnic and peripheral perfusion in patients with respiratory failure during mechanical ventilation

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Cohort study · J Crit Care, 2023. Peripheral and splanchnic perfusion (capillary refill time (CRT), peripheral perfusion index (PPI), Doppler resistance indices) from HRE to NRE — NRE vs HRE; p = 0.0345; CRT significantly increased

Long-term physical impairments in survivors of COVID-19-associated ARDS compared with classic ARDS: A two-center study

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Cohort study · J Crit Care, 2023. Physical performance, 6 months — Classic ARDS vs CARDS: estimated difference (lower handgrip dynamometry (HGD)) 11.71 kg; p < 0.001

Lung ultrasound to predict gas-exchange response to prone positioning in COVID-19 patients: A prospective study in pilot and confirmation cohorts

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Cohort study · J Crit Care, 2022. Correlation of pre-turn lung ultrasound score index (LUSI) with change in PaO2/FiO2 after prone positioning: Pilot cohort: moderate correlation between pre-turn LUSI and change in PaO2/FiO2 after prone positioning

A randomized controlled trial comparing non-invasive ventilation delivered using neurally adjusted ventilator assist (NAVA) or adaptive support ventilation (ASV) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Randomised controlled trial · J Crit Care, 2023. NIV failure rate (invasive mechanical ventilation): NAVA-NIV 8 (22.2%) · ASV-NIV 8 (20%)

Reverse triggering neural network and rules-based automated detection in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

2026-10-28T04:33:02.462Z

Diagnostic or prognostic study · J Crit Care, 2023. Performance of automated RT detection: Rules-based: specificity >95%; F1 score >75% · AI: specificity >95%; F1 score >75%

Development and validation of a multivariable model predicting the required catheter dwell time among mechanically ventilated critically ill patients in three randomized trials

2026-10-28T04:30:32.433Z

Cohort study · Ann Intensive Care, 2023. Discrimination of CVC-IN score (AUC) for required catheter dwell time, day 28: Training: AUC 0.69 (95% CI 0.66-0.72) · Testing: AUC 0.64 (95% CI 0.61-0.66)

Alveolar Biomarker Profiles in Subphenotypes of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Secondary analysis · Crit Care Med, 2022. BALF biomarkers, hyperinflammatory vs hypoinflammatory ARDS: Interleukin-6 and granulocyte colony stimulating factor higher in Hyperinflammatory vs Hypoinflammatory; differences not robust to multiple hypothesis testing

Association Between Unmet Nonmedication Needs After Hospital Discharge and Readmission or Death Among Acute Respiratory Failure Survivors: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. Readmission or death within 90 days — Greater than median UDN vs Median or lower UDN: risk ratio 0.89 (CI 0.51-1.57); p = 0.690; adjusted for prespecified covariates

Astegolimab or Efmarodocokin Alfa in Patients With Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized, Phase 2 Trial*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Randomised controlled trial · Crit Care Med, 2022. Time to recovery: Astegolimab median 11 days · Efmarodocokin alfa median 10 days · Placebo median 10 days

Cardiovascular Subphenotypes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. 90-day mortality by subphenotype, 90 days: Class 1 19% · Class 2 40% · Class 3 78% · Class 4 59%

Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal With the Hemolung in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. Survival to ICU discharge — P/F 100-200 vs P/F <100: OR for survival to ICU discharge 6.57 (95% CI 2.03-21.33); multivariable regression; P/F at initiation of ECCO 2 R

Impact of Early Tracheostomy Versus Late or No Tracheostomy in Nonneurologically Injured Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Meta-analysis · Crit Care Med, 2022. Overall mortality — Early tracheostomy vs Late tracheostomy or prolonged intubation: RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.82-1.01); I2 = 18%

Impact of Prone Position in COVID-19 Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2022. In-hospital mortality: Prone 194 (53%) · Supine 92 (60%)

Implementation of Lung-Protective Ventilation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Research article · Crit Care Med, 2023. VFDs to day 28: No difference in VFD 1.06 (aOR 1.06; 95% CI 0.91-1.24; p = 0.44)

Incidence and Outcome of Pneumomediastinum in Non-ICU Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2022. Incidence of PNM: PNM 48 (14.5% (95% CI 10.9-18.8%))

Intrapulmonary and Intracardiac Shunts in Adult COVID-19 Versus Non-COVID Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ICU Patients Using Echocardiography and Contrast Bubble Studies (COVID-Shunt Study): A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. R-L shunt frequency: COVID-19 31 (17.0%) · non-COVID 10 (22.7%)

Limiting Dynamic Driving Pressure in Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. Adherence-adjusted mortality: Limiting dynamic ∆P 18.1% (95% CI 17.5-18.9%) · Usual care 20.1% (95% CI 19.4-20.9%)

Management of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the ICU: An Observational Study From the OUTCOMEREA Database, 1997–2018

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. Management and outcomes over time: Reduction over time in prescription of corticosteroids and antibiotics; not linked with ICU mortality in time-series analysis

Methodological and Clinimetric Evaluation of Inspiratory Respiratory Muscle Ultrasound in the Critical Care Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Meta-analysis · Crit Care Med, 2023. Clinimetric properties: DT: ICC 0.98 (95% CI, 0.94-0.99) · DTF: AUC for weaning outcome 48 to 72 h postextubation 0.79 (95% CI, 0.73-0.85) · Intercostal thickening fraction: AUC for weaning outcome 48 h postextubation 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78-0.91)

Occurrence Rate and Outcomes of Weaning Groups According to a Refined Weaning Classification: A Retrospective Observational Study*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. Weaning group distribution: Short weaning a 65% · Short weaning b 13% · Difficult weaning 8% · Prolonged weaning 6% · No weaning 8%

One-Year Functional Outcomes After Invasive Mechanical Ventilation for Older Adults With Preexisting Long-Term Care-Needs*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Cohort study · Crit Care Med, 2023. 1-year mortality, 1 year: No care-needs 43.4% · Support level 1-2 and care-needs level 1 54.9% · Care-needs level 2-3 67.8% · Care-needs level 4-5 74.1%

The Practice Change and Clinical Impact of Lung-Protective Ventilation Initiated in the Emergency Department: A Secondary Analysis of Individual Patient-Level Data From Prior Clinical Trials and Cohort Studies*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Secondary analysis · Crit Care Med, 2022. Tidal volume (primary ventilator-related outcome) and hospital mortality (primary clinical outcome): Preintervention period 8.2 (spread (unnamed) 7.3-9.1) mL/kg predicted body weight (PBW); Low tidal volume ventilation 46.8% · Intervention period 6.5 (spread (unnamed) 6.1-7.1) mL/kg PBW; Low tidal volume ventilation 96.2% · Preintervention period 35.9% · Intervention period 19.1%

Predictors of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure in the Post-Extubation Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Meta-analysis · Crit Care Med, 2023. Predictors of post-extubation NIV failure necessitating reintubation — Higher critical illness severity: OR 3.56 (95% CI 1.96-6.45); high certainty

Prognostic Factors Associated With Extubation Failure in Acutely Brain-Injured Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Meta-analysis · Crit Care Med, 2022. Extubation failure — Older age (upper vs lower tertile): aOR 3.0 (95% CI 1.78-5.07); moderate certainty

Prospective Real-Time Validation of a Lung Ultrasound Deep Learning Model in the ICU

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Diagnostic or prognostic study · Crit Care Med, 2023. Identification of B line pattern: Real-time inference: accuracy 95%; sensitivity 93%; specificity 96%

Timing of Prone Positioning During Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2026-10-28T04:21:38.918Z

Meta-analysis · Crit Care Med, 2022. Alive ICU discharge, 90 days: Early PP cumulative probability 61% · Late PP cumulative probability 36%

COVID-19 does not influence functional status after ARDS therapy

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Secondary analysis · Crit Care, 2023. Mortality and Barthel index impairment, up to 180 days: Mortality after 180 days and impairment measured by the Barthel index did not differ between patients with and without COVID-19

Does tidal volume challenge improve the feasibility of pulse pressure variation in patients mechanically ventilated at low tidal volumes? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Meta-analysis · Crit Care, 2023. Predictive performance of PPV change after TVC (SROC, pooled sensitivity and specificity): PPV change after TVC mean AUROC 0.89 ± 0.10; SROC AUC 0.96 (95% CI 0.94, 0.97); pooled sensitivity 0.92 (95% CI 0.83, 0.96); pooled specificity 0.88 (95% CI 0.76, 0.94) · PPV mean AUROC 0.69 ± 0.13

Effect of total cholesterol and statin therapy on mortality in ARDS patients: a secondary analysis of the SAILS and HARP-2 trials

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Secondary analysis · Crit Care, 2023. 60-day mortality with statin in low cholesterol subgroup, 60 days — Rosuvastatin (SAILS, low cholesterol) vs Placebo: OR 2.23 (95% CI 1.06-4.77); p = 0.02

Electric impedance tomography-guided PEEP titration reduces mechanical power in ARDS: a randomized crossover pilot trial

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Randomised controlled trial · Crit Care, 2023. Mechanical power — EIT vs High-PEEP/FiO2 table: mean difference - 4.36 J/min (95% CI - 6.7, - 1.95); p = 0.002

Epidemiology and outcomes of early-onset AKI in COVID-19-related ARDS in comparison with non-COVID-19-related ARDS: insights from two prospective global cohort studies

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Cohort study · Crit Care, 2023. Incidence of early AKI in COVID-19 ARDS, 48 h: No AKI 1214 (79.1%) · Stage 1 110 (6.5%) · Stage 2 94 (5.5%) · Stage 3 151 (8.9%)

Gut microbiota composition during hospitalization is associated with 60-day mortality after severe COVID-19

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Cohort study · Crit Care, 2023. 60-day mortality per baseline dysbiosis index, 60 days — Dysbiosis index: HR 3.70 (CI 2.00-8.6); p < 0.001; univariate

Impact on the ability of healthcare professionals to correctly identify patient-ventilator asynchronies of the simultaneous visualization of estimated muscle pressure curves on the ventilator display: a randomized study (Pmus study)

2026-10-28T04:14:48.087Z

Randomised controlled trial · Crit Care, 2023. Mean asynchrony detection rate (sensitivity): Pmus 65.8 · Control 52.94