Effects of departmental green anaesthesia interventions on carbon dioxide equivalent emissions: a systematic review
An erratum to this article was published (Br J Anaesth, 8 Oct 2026 ↗)
Authors' conclusion
Our analysis demonstrates the substantial CO2 reduction potential inherent in sustainable anaesthesia programmes.
Study context
- Population
- Studies of CO2 equivalent emissions per anaesthetic before and after departmental green anaesthesia interventions13 studies
- Comparison
- Before vs after departmental green anaesthesia interventions
- Outcome
- Mean decrease of CO2 equivalents in kg per anaesthetic and total decrease in CO2 equivalents in tonnes
Methodological details13 of 3987 screened studies in quantitative synthesis; low to moderate risk of bias
- 13 of 3987 screened studies in quantitative synthesis; low to moderate risk of bias
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Postinterventional total mean decrease of CO2 equivalents
Mean decrease in CO2 equivalents in kg per anaesthetic
68.2%
18.6%
Mean decrease in CO2 equivalents in total tonnes
75.2%
16.3%
Further pooled results
Types of departmental sustainability interventions
- Staff education, decreased desflurane and sevoflurane use, promotion of TIVA, low fresh gas flows, proper waste management, green teams
Original publication
Effects of departmental green anaesthesia interventions on carbon dioxide equivalent emissions: a systematic review. Br J Anaesth. Published 9 May 2025. doi:10.
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