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Week 44 · studies published 26 October – 1 November 2026

  1. The Lancet

    Randomized controlled trialPediatric

    Prone positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in early paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PROSpect): an international, two-by-two factorial, response-adaptive, phase 3, randomised controlled trial

    prone positioning with supine positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional mechanical ventilation

    Ventilator-free days

    Estimate (95% CI)
    Pronevs supine
    Hodges-Lehmann location shift adjusting for ventilation 0.0(−0.8 to 1.0)
    HFOVvs conventional mechanical ventilation
    Hodges-Lehmann location shift adjusting for positioning −0.3(−1.5 to 0.5)

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  2. British Journal of Anaesthesia

    Randomized controlled trialCardiothoracic & vascular

    Effects of perioperative esketamine infusion on chronic pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind clinical trial

    Perioperative low-dose esketamine infusion vs normal saline

    Primary result

    adjusted odds ratio 0.6295% CI 0.43–0.90 · P = 0.013

    Esketaminevs control
    adjusted odds ratio 0.62 (95% CI 0.43–0.90); P = 0.013

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  3. Critical Care

    Randomized controlled trialSepsis & infection

    Chlorhexidine within a standardized oral-care bundle for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pragmatic cluster-randomized crossover trial in six medical intensive care units

    adding 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) to standardized oral-care bundle vs the bundle without chlorhexidine

    Primary result

    adjusted Poisson incidence rate ratio 1.0895% CI 0.84–1.38 · P = 0.56

    CHXvs No CHX
    adjusted Poisson incidence rate ratio 1.08 (95% CI 0.84–1.38); P = 0.56

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