Opioid Cap Laws and Opioid Prescriptions After Total Joint Replacements in Older Adults
Authors' conclusion
The findings of this retrospective cohort study of TJRs among Medicare beneficiaries suggest that New York Section 3331 achieved its intended objective, as it was associated with reduced opioid fills in the immediate 7-day post-TJR period in New York compared with California.
Study context
- Population
- Medicare beneficiaries undergoing elective total joint replacements (TJRs), New York and California, 2014–2019pre-law cohort: 32,253 TJRs, 31,028 patients
- Exposure
- New York vs California, after vs before implementation in July 2016
- Outcome
- Total MMEs filled from discharge to day 7, days 8 to 30, and days 31 to 90 after TJR
Methodological detailsdifference-in-differences
- Difference-in-differences
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Total MMEs filled, after vs before Section 3331 · 7-day post-TJR period
Estimate (95% CI)P value
Californiaafter vs before
estimated change −135.08 MMEs(−146.62 to −123.53)
P < 0.001New York vs Californiaafter vs before
estimated change −178.00 MMEs(−191.98 to −164.02)
P < 0.001New York vs Californiadifference-in-differences
Section 3331-associated change −42.92 MMEs(−61.04 to −24.80)
P < 0.001Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Total morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) filled, days 8 to 30 and 31 to 90 post-TJR · 8 to 30-day and 31 to 90-day post-TJR periods
- Section 3331 not associated with statistically significant changes
Original publication
Opioid Cap Laws and Opioid Prescriptions After Total Joint Replacements in Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open. Published 1 April 2025. doi:10.
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