Virtual Reality (VR) Training for Anesthesiologist in Invasive Procedures (VR TAIP) - a Single Center Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors' conclusion
VR plus manikin training yielded comparable overall clinical performance, procedural confidence, and satisfaction to manikin training alone for IJ-CVC placement.
Study context
- Population
- First-year anesthesiology residents (PGY-2) learning internal jugular central venous catheter (IJ-CVC) placement, single university hospital
- Participants
- 26 residents
- Comparison
- VR plus manikin training vs manikin training alone
- VR plus manikinn = 12
- Manikinn = 14reference
- Primary endpoint
- Total performance score
Methodological detailssingle-centre, blinded expert assessment, July 2023 to July 2025, single university hospital
- Single-centre
- Blinded expert assessment
- July 2023 to July 2025, single university hospital
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Overall clinical performance
P = 0.486
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | VR plus manikin | Manikin | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hands-on interventions by supervising physiciansComparable | P = 0.900 | ||
| Knew procedural steps without guidanceMore often in VR | P = 0.037 | ||
| Needle tracking ratingHigher for manikin | P = 0.00023 | ||
| Motor skills ratingHigher for manikin | P = 0.0036 | ||
| Realism, comfort performing CVC on a patient, overall satisfactionRealism; no difference | P = 0.541 | ||
| Realism, comfort performing CVC on a patient, overall satisfactionComfort; no difference | P = 0.460 | ||
| Realism, comfort performing CVC on a patient, overall satisfactionOverall satisfaction; no difference | P = 0.678 | ||
| Cost per session | $131 /session | $291.30 /session |
Self-efficacy and training satisfaction
- Did not differ significantly
Original publication
Virtual Reality (VR) Training for Anesthesiologist in Invasive Procedures (VR TAIP) - a Single Center Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. Published 16 October 2025. doi:10.
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