Pediatric anesthesia & critical care
A prospective, observational validation of HRAD±, a novel pediatric affect and cooperation scale
Authors' conclusion
HRAD± is a clinically useful and simple scale for evaluating pediatric affect and cooperation during inhalational mask induction.
Study context
- Population
- Children 1–14 years, ASA I–III, daytime procedures with inhalational mask induction, academic quaternary children's hospital (Northern California)
- Participants
- 197 children
- Outcome
- Clinical utility of HRAD± as an affect and cooperation assessment tool for inhalational mask induction (correlation with mYPAS, OSBD and ICC)
Methodological detailssingle-centre, Two trained research assistants independently scored affect and cooperation during mask induction and observed emergence after extubation
- Single-centre
- Two trained research assistants independently scored affect and cooperation during mask induction and observed emergence after extubation
Performance
As reported in the abstract
Correlation of HRAD± with established induction scales
Correlation with modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) (strong), r
0.840
p < 0.0001
Correlation with Observation Scale of Behavioral Distress (OSBD) (moderate), r
0.685
p < 0.0001
Correlation with Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) (moderate)
−0.663
p < 0.0001
Further findings
Inter-rater reliability of HRAD±
- Affect portion (moderate), κ
- 0.595 (p < 0.0001)
- Cooperation portion (moderate), κ
- 0.478 (p < 0.0001)
Predictive validity of induction HRAD± for emergence delirium
- Correlation with Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) (weak), r
- 0.134 (p = 0.0597)
- Correlation with Watcha (none), r
- 0.013 (p = 0.8559)
- Correlation with Cravero (none), r
- 0.002 (p = 0.9767)
Original publication
A prospective, observational validation of HRAD±, a novel pediatric affect and cooperation scale. J Clin Anesth. Published 9 February 2024. doi:10.
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