Perioperative medicine & outcomes
Association of Perioperative Dexamethasone With Postoperative Complications After Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty: An Instrumental Variable Analysis
Authors' conclusion
The findings of this study support that dexamethasone exposure is associated with a reduction in composite major postoperative complications after TJA.
Study context
- Population
- Patients undergoing primary elective total joint arthroplasty (TKA or THA), 2016–2021
- Exposure
- Perioperative dexamethasone exposure vs no exposure
- Outcome
- Composite (any vs none) of major postoperative medical complications
- Follow-up
- 90 days
Methodological detailsinstrumental variable analysis, multivariable regression
- Instrumental variable analysis
- Multivariable regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
90-day composite of major postoperative medical complications
- TKA
- LATE (surgeon-based instrumental variable analysis (IVA)) −1.20% (95% CI −1.33% to −1.08%)
- THA
- LATE (surgeon-based IVA) −1.14% (95% CI −1.30% to −0.99%)
- TKA
- LATE (hospital-based IVA) −1.23% (95% CI −1.38% to −1.09%)
- THA
- LATE (hospital-based IVA) −1.18% (95% CI −1.35% to −1.00%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Infection, readmission and death
- Secondary outcomes mirrored primary results, except mortality, which did not meet endogeneity criteria
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Association of Perioperative Dexamethasone With Postoperative Complications After Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty: An Instrumental Variable Analysis. Anesth Analg. Published 16 December 2025. doi:10.
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