Cardiac arrest & resuscitation
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and outcomes of mass cardiac arrests caused by a crowd crush
Authors' conclusion
Most MCAs were pronounced deceased, likely due to their classification as Black Tag or delayed response times. Only a small percentage (4.8%) of bystander CPR cases included rescue breathing.
Study context
- Population
- Mass cardiac arrests (MCAs) in the Itaewon crowd crush, Halloween Festival 2022 (Korea Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry (KOHCAR) and Instagram/YouTube videos)MCAs in KOHCAR
- Participants
- 119 arrests
- Exposure
- Compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) vs CPR with rescue breathing
- Outcome
- Characteristics of bystander CPR and outcomes of MCAs
Methodological detailsregistry and social media video analysis, Video clips ≥10 s with clear view of bystander CPR analysed; 26 clips (14 of 251 Instagram, 12 of 187 YouTube)
- Registry and social media video analysis
- Video clips ≥10 s with clear view of bystander CPR analysed; 26 clips (14 of 251 Instagram, 12 of 187 YouTube)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Type of bystander CPR in social media videos (228 cases, 26 clips)
- Received CPR before EMS resuscitation
- 22 (18.5%)
- CPR first by EMS team
- 7 (5.9%)
- Pronounced deceased by EMS
- 90 (75.6%)
- Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the field
- 3 (2.5%)
- Survival to hospital discharge
- 1 (0.8%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Victim characteristics and EMS response (KOHCAR)
- Mean age
- 24.5 years
- Non-Korean
- 10 (8.4%)
- Median ambulance response time
- 59 min
Original publication
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and outcomes of mass cardiac arrests caused by a crowd crush. Resuscitation. Published 19 December 2024. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →