Pediatric anesthesia & critical care
Clonidine Conserves Sleep Spindle Properties and Age-Dependent Electroencephalogram Patterns Mirroring Physiologic Sleep in Infants Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors' conclusion
Our findings suggest that low-dose clonidine does not impact sleep spindle properties in the EEG of infants under spinal anesthesia.
Study context
- Population
- Infants under spinal anesthesia
- Participants
- 73 participants
- Exposure
- Bupivacaine + clonidine vs Bupivacaine
- Outcome
- Sleep spindles on the EEG (power spectra and spindle detection probability)
Methodological detailsintraoperative frontal EEG recordings, multitaper spectral analysis, switching state-space modeling
- Intraoperative frontal EEG recordings
- Multitaper spectral analysis
- Switching state-space modeling
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Power spectra and sleep spindle detection probability
- No difference in power spectra and sleep spindle detection probability between bupivacaine and bupivacaine + clonidine
- Bupivacaine + clonidine vs Bupivacaine: P = 0.51
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Spectral power 0 to 0.6 Hz by age (both spinal anesthesia types)
- Increasing age associated with decreased spectral power from 0 to 0.6 Hz; median difference −2.9 dB, 95% CI [−5.3, −0.5,]
- Independent of clonidine
Spectral power 2 to 15 Hz by age (both spinal anesthesia types)
- Increasing age associated with increased power from 2 to 15 Hz; median difference 3.4 dB, 95% CI [1.5, 5.2]
- Independent of clonidine
Spindle strength by age
- Increasing age associated with increased spindle strength (R 2 = 0.323, P < 0.001)
Original publication
Clonidine Conserves Sleep Spindle Properties and Age-Dependent Electroencephalogram Patterns Mirroring Physiologic Sleep in Infants Under Spinal Anesthesia. Anesth Analg. Published 16 September 2025. doi:10.
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