Perioperative medicine & outcomes
Does Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Differ by Patient Demographics? An Evaluation of Perioperative Anesthetic Management—An Observational Study
Authors' conclusion
The study identified differences in appropriate postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis by race and ethnicity, as well as community-level socioeconomic status. There were no differences in postoperative nausea and vomiting by the predictors, but there were higher odds of postdischarge nausea and vomiting by race and ethnicity and payor.
Study context
- Population
- Adults undergoing major surgery (total knee arthroplasty, cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, prostatectomy), 2017 to 2022
- Participants
- 23,333 adults
- Exposure
- Race and ethnicity, payor type and community-level socioeconomic status as predictors of PONV prophylaxis, PONV and PDNV
- Outcome
- Prophylactic antiemetic administration according to consensus guidelines; occurrence of PONV and PDNV
Methodological detailssingle, multistate hospital system
- Single, multistate hospital system
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Guideline-recommended PONV prophylaxis
Each group vs Non-Hispanic WhiteOdds ratio (95% CI)
Black
0.76(0.63–0.92)
Hispanic
0.82(0.70–0.96)
- Patients receiving guideline-recommended PONV prophylaxis (n = 10,407)
- About 45%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
PONV in the PACU
- Patients with PONV in the PACU (n = 2,522)
- ≈11%
- No significant differences among different groups
PDNV
- Patients with PDNV (n = 4,540)
- about 19.5%
- Higher odds in Black, Hispanic, other races and ethnicities, and patients with Medicaid
Original publication
Does Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Differ by Patient Demographics? An Evaluation of Perioperative Anesthetic Management—An Observational Study. Anesthesiology. Published 9 January 2025. doi:10.
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