Paediatric anaesthesia & critical care
Effect of virtual reality on pain and stress in children during Kirschner-wire removal after fracture treatment: a randomized clinical trial
Primary result · Pain (Wong-Baker Faces scale, observer-rated)Result — go to the resultOdds ratio 0.23 95% CI 0.12–0.43Authors' conclusion
VR distraction effectively reduces pain during K-wire removal in children. VR positively impacts the procedural memory of children.
Study context
- Population
- Children aged 6–15 years undergoing K-wire removal after upper-limb fracture treatment, outpatient fracture clinicrecruited
- Participants
- 146 children
- Comparison
- Additional virtual reality (VR) distraction vs standard of care
- Primary endpoint
- Pain perception (Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, neutral observers)
- Follow-up
- During K-wire removal
Methodological detailssingle-centre, stratified by age (three strata), 1 : 1 randomisation
- Single-centre
- Stratified by age (three strata)
- 1 : 1 randomisation
Primary result
Pain (Wong-Baker Faces scale, observer-rated)
Odds ratio
0.23
95% CI 0.12–0.43
By group
As reported in the abstract
Further findings
Pain rated >2 · directly after K-wire removal
Pain rated >2 · 2 weeks after K-wire removal
Face/Legs/Activity/Cry/Consolability (FLACC) Pain Scale during K-wire removal (observer)
- Less pain with VR (observer scale)
- OR 0.36 (95% c.i. 0.19 to 0.24)
- CI as printed
Modified Yale Pain Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) during K-wire removal (observer)
- Less pain with VR (observer scale)
- OR 0.29 (95% c.i. 0.16 to 0.52)
Pain rated >2 · directly after K-wire removal
- Smaller difference between VR and control
Pain rated >2 · 2 weeks after K-wire removal
- Smaller difference between VR and control
Awareness of painful stimulus · directly after and 2 weeks after wire extraction
- Children in the VR group less aware of the painful stimulus
Original publication
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →