Paediatric anaesthesia & critical care
Evaluating the Impact of Clonidine and Midazolam Premedication on Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients
Authors' conclusion
The overall incidence of emergence delirium was low. While clonidine showed no statistically significant association with emergence delirium, our secondary multivariate analysis suggests midazolam might be associated with an increased risk of emergence delirium.
Study context
- Population
- Children (0–16 years) undergoing GA at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Perth, Australia
- Participants
- 4,796 general anesthetics
- Comparison
- Clonidine or midazolam premedication vs no such premedication
- Clonidinen = 331
- Midazolamn = 731
- Primary endpoint
- Emergence delirium (validated scales)
Methodological detailspropensity-score matched, single-centre
- Propensity-score matched
- Single-centre
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Emergence delirium (propensity score-matched analyses)
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Clonidine
1.19(0.65–2.16)
Midazolam
1.23(0.79–1.92)
- Overall incidence of emergence delirium
- 6%
Further findings
Emergence delirium (secondary adjusted logistic regression)
- Midazolam associated with increased odds of emergence delirium; clonidine no statistically significant association overall
Original publication
Evaluating the Impact of Clonidine and Midazolam Premedication on Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients. Paediatr Anaesth. Published 1 August 2026. doi:10.
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