Perioperative medicine & outcomes
Geriatric nutritional risk index and prognostic nutritional index improves predictive value of postoperative mortality: a large-scale retrospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Poor preoperative nutritional status, as indicated by GNRI and PNI scores, is associated with a higher risk of postoperative mortality. Integrating these scores into mortality prediction models significantly enhances their accuracy.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged 18 or older who underwent surgery
- Participants
- 79,648 adults
- Exposure
- Malnutrition by Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) vs no malnutrition
- Malnutrition by GNRIn = 12,392
- Malnutrition by PNIn = 13,773
- Malnutrition by both indicesn = 8,633
- Outcome
- Postoperative mortality
- Follow-up
- 30 days after surgery
Methodological detailslarge-scale
- Large-scale
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
30-day postoperative mortality · 30 days
| Group | Value | Prevalence of malnutrition |
|---|---|---|
| Malnutrition by GNRI | 15.6% | 12,392 (15.6%) |
| Malnutrition by PNI | 17.3% | 13,773 (17.3%) |
| Malnutrition by both indices | 10.8% | 8,633 (10.8%) |
Value
Malnutrition by GNRI15.6%
Malnutrition by PNI17.3%
Malnutrition by both indices10.8%
Prevalence of malnutrition
Malnutrition by GNRI12,392 (15.6%)
Malnutrition by PNI13,773 (17.3%)
Malnutrition by both indices8,633 (10.8%)
- Deaths within 30 days after surgery (all patients)
- 276
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Geriatric nutritional risk index and prognostic nutritional index improves predictive value of postoperative mortality: a large-scale retrospective cohort study. Perioper Med (Lond). Published 30 September 2025. doi:10.
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