Intravenous Vitamin C for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Two Harmonized Randomized Clinical Trials
An erratum to this article was published (JAMA, 26 Dec 2023 ↗)
- terminated early (statistical triggers for harm and futility)
- Enrollment terminated after statistical triggers for harm and futility were met
Authors' conclusion
In hospitalized patients with COVID-19, vitamin C had low probability of improving the primary composite outcome of organ support-free days and hospital survival.
Study context
- Population
- Hospitalized patients with COVID-19: critically ill receiving organ support in ICUs (90 sites) and not critically ill (40 sites), 4 continents, 2020–20221,568 critically ill, 1022 not critically ill
- Comparison
- IV vitamin C vs control every 6 hours for 96 hours
- Primary endpoint
- Composite of:
- Organ support-free days (alive and free of respiratory and cardiovascular organ support in ICU) and survival to hospital discharge
- Range −1 (in-hospital death) to 22
- Follow-up
- Up to day 21
Methodological detailsbayesian cumulative logistic model, multicentre
- Bayesian cumulative logistic model
- Multicentre
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Organ support-free days
Vitamin C vs ControlAdjusted proportional OR (95% CrI)
Critically ill; posterior probabilities 8.6% (efficacy), 91.4% (harm), 99.9% (futility)
0.88(0.73–1.06)
Not critically ill; posterior probabilities 2.9% (efficacy), 97.1% (harm), >99.9% (futility)
0.80(0.60–1.01)
Further findings
| Outcome | Vitamin C | Control | Adjusted OR for survival to hospital discharge (95% CrI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival to hospital discharge, critically illPosterior probability 24.0% for efficacy · CrI | 61.9% | 64.6% | 0.92 (0.73–1.17) | |
| Survival to hospital discharge, not critically illPosterior probability 17.8% for efficacy · CrI | 85.1% | 86.6% | 0.86 (0.61–1.17) | |
| 0.512Adjusted OR for survival to hospital discharge (log scale) |
Original publication
Intravenous Vitamin C for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Two Harmonized Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA. Published 14 November 2023. doi:10.
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