Cardiac arrest & resuscitation
Opioid-associated vs undifferentiated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: examining differences in outcomes and the relationship with Utstein variables
Main finding · Survival with favourable neurological outcomes (at hospital discharge)Result — go to the resultOR for favourable neurological outcome 1.02 95% CI 0.77–1.35Authors' conclusion
Overall, we did not detect an association between opioid toxicity and outcomes. In models with interaction terms, the relationship between Utstein and outcomes differed between opioid-associated and other OHCAs, highlighting the impact opioid-associated cases may have in observational OHCA analyses.
Study context
- Population
- Adult emergency medical services (EMS)-treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCAs) from the British Columbia Cardiac Arrest RegistryOA-OHCA 1,349 · undifferentiated OHCA 9,437
- Participants
- 10,786 OHCAs
- Exposure
- OA-OHCA
- OA-OHCAn = 1,349
- Undifferentiated OHCAn = 9,437reference
- Outcome
- Survival with favourable neurological outcomes (at hospital discharge)
- Follow-up
- Hospital discharge
Methodological detailsmultivariable logistic regression model, pre-specified interaction terms
- Multivariable logistic regression model
- Pre-specified interaction terms
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
OR for favourable neurological outcome
1.02
95% CI 0.77–1.35
OA-OHCA vs undifferentiated OHCA
OR for favourable neurological outcome 1.02 (95% CI 0.77–1.35)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | OA-OHCA | Undifferentiated OHCA |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics (descriptive) | ||
| Share of all OHCAs | 1349 (13%) | 9437 (87%) |
| Female, of the OA-OHCA | 331 (25%) | — not stated in the abstract |
| Median age | 40 years (IQR 31-50) | 70 years (IQR 58-81) |
| Female, of the undifferentiated | — not stated in the abstract | 2910 (31%) |
— not stated in the abstract
Interactions between OA-OHCA status and Utstein variables
- Interaction for sex
- P = 0.032
- Interaction for initial cardiac rhythm
- P = 0.024
- Interaction for bystander-witnessed status
- P ≤ 0.001
- Statistically significant interactions
Original publication
Opioid-associated vs undifferentiated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: examining differences in outcomes and the relationship with Utstein variables. Resuscitation. Published 9 October 2026. doi:10.
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