Sepsis and Subsequent Psychiatric Morbidity: A Nationwide Population-Based Matched Cohort Study, 2008–2019
Authors' conclusion
Patients with sepsis had a higher subsequent incidence of psychiatric events compared with matched population controls, with a persistently elevated risk for at least 5 years.
Study context
- Population
- Adults treated in an ICU for community-acquired sepsis in Sweden, 2008–2019, without a psychiatric diagnosis within 5 years or psychotropic medication within 1 year before index
- Participants
- 10,308 vs 155,705
- Exposure
- ICU-treated sepsis vs matched population controls
- Sepsisn = 10,308
- Controlsn = 155,705reference
- Outcome
- Psychiatric event: first initiation of a psychotropic medication (N05A, N05BA, N05C, N06A) or a new ICD-10 mood (F3) or anxiety (F4) diagnosis in specialist care after index
Methodological detailsnationwide, population-based, register-based, weighted Cox regression, landmark analysis
- Nationwide
- Population-based
- Register-based
- Weighted Cox regression
- Landmark analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Psychiatric event, by time after index (landmark)
Sepsis vs ControlsAdjusted hazard ratio (CI)
0-30 d
6.2(5.0–7.7)
31-90 d
7.4(6.5–8.6)
91-365 d
2.3(2.1–2.5)
1-3 yr
1.2(1.1–1.5)
3-5 yr
1.3(1.1–1.5)
≥ 5 yr
1.1(0.9–1.3)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Mediation by incident chronic diseases
- Estimates changed little; chronic diseases did not mediate the association
Original publication
Sepsis and Subsequent Psychiatric Morbidity: A Nationwide Population-Based Matched Cohort Study, 2008–2019. Crit Care Med. Published 23 March 2026. doi:10.
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