Cardiac arrest & resuscitation
Sex differences in epidemiology, care, and outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in China
Authors' conclusion
In China, females demonstrated better prehospital resuscitation outcomes. However, this early advantage was lost by discharge.
Study context
- Population
- Emergency medical system (EMS)-treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in China (BASIC-OHCA study, 2020)EMS-treated OHCA
- Participants
- 33,650 patients
- Exposure
- Females vs males
- Femalesn = 10,793
- Outcome
- Outcomes by sex (multivariable models)
Methodological detailsmulticentre, population-based, observational, prespecified subgroup analyses
- Multicentre
- Population-based
- Observational
- Prespecified subgroup analyses
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Females vs MalesAdjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Prehospital ROSC
1.21(1.06–1.38)
Survival to hospital admission
1.33(1.15–1.55)
- No significant sex difference in survival to hospital discharge or 30 days
- aOR 0.85, 0.66-1.10 (95% CI)
- No significant sex difference in favorable neurological outcome
- aOR 0.84, 0.62-1.14 (95% CI)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Females | Males | IRR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age-standardised incidence of EMS-treated OHCA | 20.8 per 100,000 person-years | 48.1 per 100,000 person-years | 2.31 (2.26–2.36) | |
| 0.512Incidence rate ratio (log scale) |
Survival and favorable neurological outcome (subgroups)
- Females had lower odds than males among patients aged ≥50 years, with shockable rhythm, and without prehospital epinephrine
Resuscitation characteristics and prehospital care
- Less favorable in females than males
Original publication
Sex differences in epidemiology, care, and outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in China. Resuscitation. Published 25 September 2026. doi:10.
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