Respiratory failure & ventilation
Use of rescue noninvasive ventilation for post-extubation respiratory failure
Authors' conclusion
Rescue NIV for post-extubation respiratory failure is associated with high failure rates; however, when applied with well-defined criteria for reintubation, it does not appear to be clearly associated with increases in hospital mortality.
Study context
- Population
- Hypoxemic patients after extubation (trial of high-flow vs Venturi mask oxygen) who developed post-extubation respiratory failure per prespecified criteriaof 494 extubated
- Participants
- 147 patients
- Comparison
- Rescue non-invasive ventilation (NIV) vs Direct re-intubation
- Rescue NIVn = 83
- Direct re-intubationn = 64reference
Methodological detailspost-hoc, inverse probability of treatment weighting, Bayesian regression
- Post-hoc
- Inverse probability of treatment weighting
- Bayesian regression
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
ICU and hospital mortality
Each group vs direct re-intubationEstimate (95% CI)P value
Rescue NIV
aOR (ICU mortality) 0.31(0.12–0.82)
P = 0.019Rescue NIV
aOR (hospital mortality) 1.01(0.43–2.33)
P = 0.99- Posterior probability NIV reduced ICU mortality, across all priors
- > 90%
- Posterior probability NIV did not increase hospital mortality, noninformative prior
- 44%
- Posterior probability NIV did not increase hospital mortality, skeptical prior
- 47%
- Posterior probability NIV did not increase hospital mortality, pessimistic prior
- 39%
Further findings
NIV failure
- NIV failure rate
- 58%
- Hypoxemic vs hypercapnia and/or respiratory distress
- 60% vs. 56%, p = 0.82
Time to respiratory failure after extubation
- Median, h
- 37 h [IQR 13-85]
Original publication
Use of rescue noninvasive ventilation for post-extubation respiratory failure. Crit Care. Published 4 November 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →