Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients With Severe Pneumonia With Pneumocystis jirovecii Colonization: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study
Authors' conclusion
More frequent detection of various viruses was observed in patients colonized with P jirovecii, and P jirovecii colonization was associated with an increased 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with severe pneumonia who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage clinical metagenomics in the ICUs of 17 medical centers, 2019–202317 centres
- Exposure
- P jirovecii colonization vs P jirovecii-negative
- Outcome
- Mortality
- Follow-up
- 28-day
Methodological detailsmulticentre, matched, propensity-score matched, Cox multivariate regression
- Multicentre
- Matched
- Propensity-score matched
- Cox multivariate regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- P jirovecii colonization was an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with severe pneumonia
- Propensity score matching; Cox proportional hazards model
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Proportion of P jirovecii-positive patients with colonization
- P jirovecii-positive patients considered to have P jirovecii colonization
- 40%
Clinical features
- Higher proportion with immunosuppression and lower lymphocyte count in the colonization group vs the P jirovecii-negative group
Viral codetection in the lungs
- More frequent detection of cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus-6B, human herpesvirus-7 and torque teno virus with colonization vs negativity
Mortality (sensitivity analyses)
- Similar conclusions including or excluding codetected microorganisms, and in patients not receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Original publication
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients With Severe Pneumonia With Pneumocystis jirovecii Colonization: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study. Chest. Published 23 July 2024. doi:10.
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