Clinical subphenotypes of sepsis based on mixed continuous and categorical data and differences in treatment effects: a cluster analysis of multicenter observational studies
Authors' conclusion
Using three clustering methods on mixed-data sepsis cohorts, we identified three to five clinically distinct subphenotypes with heterogeneous treatment responses.
Study context
- Population
- Patients aged 16 years or older with sepsis admitted to ICUs in Japan (Tohoku Sepsis Registry and FORECAST study)
- Participants
- 1,756 patients · 2 registries
- Exposure
- Treatment effects across sepsis subphenotypes derived by k-UMAP, k-prototype and KAMILA clustering of mixed data
- Outcome
- In-hospital mortality
Methodological detailsmulticentre registries, inverse probability of treatment weighting, consensus clustering, exploratory
- Multicentre registries
- Inverse probability of treatment weighting
- Consensus clustering
- Exploratory
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
In-hospital mortality, treatment effect by subphenotype
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Recombinant thrombomodulin, subphenotype 1 (three subphenotypes)
0.37(0.13–0.80)
Antithrombin III, subphenotype 2 (five subphenotypes)
0.49(0.20–0.93)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Clinical subphenotypes of sepsis based on mixed continuous and categorical data and differences in treatment effects: a cluster analysis of multicenter observational studies. Crit Care. Published 15 January 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →