Delayed presentation of air embolism after removal of central venous catheters: A systematic review
Authors' conclusion
Delayed air embolism after CVC removal is an uncommon but potentially severe complication associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Persistent venous-to-atmospheric communication was identified by imaging techniques in >90% of cases.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with venous or paradoxical air embolism occurring ≥10 min after CVC removal
- Participants
- 28 case reports
- Outcome
- Timing, presentation and outcomes of delayed air embolism after CVC removal
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Symptom onset 10 min to 1 hour after CVC removal
- 54%
- Symptom onset 1 to 2 hours after removal
- 14%
- Symptom onset >2 hours after removal
- 32%
- Neurological manifestations
- 92%
- Oxygen desaturation
- 90%
- Cardiovascular instability
- 47%
- Cardiac arrest (cases)
- 2
- Transcutaneous channel found among patients investigated with diagnostic tools
- 10 out of the 11
- Patent foramen ovale (PFO) investigated, negative
- 6 of 10
- Permanent neurological impairment
- 18%
- Died
- 32%
Original publication
Delayed presentation of air embolism after removal of central venous catheters: A systematic review. J Crit Care. Published 8 May 2026. doi:10.
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