Documented use of piperacillin–tazobactam and increased 1-month mortality in healthcare-associated intra-abdominal infections
Main finding · 1-month mortalityResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 2.31 95% CI 1.35–3.95Authors' conclusion
dTZP administration in hcIAI was associated with increased 1-month mortality in most analyses, though sensitivity analyses were not uniformly positive, and residual confounding cannot be excluded.
Study context
- Population
- Adults admitted with healthcare-associated intra-abdominal infections (hcIAI) to the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary university hospital, 1999–2019analysed
- Participants
- 454 adults
- Exposure
- Microbiologically documented TZP vs no documented TZP (dTZP)
- Outcome
- 1-month mortality
- Follow-up
- 1 month
Methodological detailspropensity score-matched, single-centre
- Propensity score-matched
- Single-centre
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Odds ratio
2.31
95% CI 1.35–3.95
P = 0.002
By group
dTZP vs No dTZP
OR 2.31 (95% CI 1.35–3.95); P = 0.002
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
1-month mortality, PS-matched cohort · matched cohort
P = 0.025
Adequacy of empirical therapy
P = 0.008
1-month mortality, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) sensitivity analysis and patients included after 2010
- IPTW analysis did not reach statistical significance; no mortality signal in patients included after 2010
Other independent predictors of 1-month mortality (multivariate)
- SOFA score: OR 1.29, 95%CI 1.20-1.40, p < 0.001
- Age: OR 1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06, p = 0.001
- Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli isolation: OR 1.89, 95%CI 1.01-3.51, p = 0.045
Original publication
Documented use of piperacillin–tazobactam and increased 1-month mortality in healthcare-associated intra-abdominal infections. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. Published 1 June 2026. doi:10.
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