Incidence and outcomes of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and the role of antifungal prophylaxis: a structured literature review
Authors' conclusion
IAPA affects approximately one in six critically ill influenza patients and carries a mortality of around 50%.
Study context
- Population
- Critically ill patients with severe influenza; studies published January 2000–June 2025
- Participants
- 527,475 patients · 53 studies
- Outcome
- IAPA incidence and case-fatality rate
Methodological detailstrimmed medians with bootstrapped 95% CI, I² and Shannon diversity indices
- Trimmed medians with bootstrapped 95% CI
- I² and Shannon diversity indices
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) incidence
trimmed median 14.55%
95% CI 11.16–19.21
Case-fatality rate
trimmed median 50.00%
95% CI 42.86–58.54
Further findings
IAPA incidence, ICU-only cohorts (subgroup)
- IAPA more frequent in ICU-only cohorts
- P = 0.011
- ICU-only cohorts associated with higher mortality
- P = 0.025
Survival with universal antifungal prophylaxis, incl. posaconazole
- No significant survival benefit
Original publication
Incidence and outcomes of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and the role of antifungal prophylaxis: a structured literature review. Crit Care. Published 26 March 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →