ICU sedation, delirium & recovery

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for early rehabilitation in critically ill patients: a systematic review of applied protocols

Crit CarePublished Systematic review of applied protocols

Authors' conclusion

The reviewed studies highlight the lack of standardization in NMES protocols for ICU patients.

Study context

Population
Adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for early rehabilitation
Participants
2,553 patients · 44 studies
Outcome
NMES protocol parameters
Methodological detailsdescriptive analysis, RCTs and observational studies, Search of MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Pedro and CINAHL up to August 18, 2025
  • Descriptive analysis
  • RCTs and observational studies
  • Search of MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Pedro and CINAHL up to August 18, 2025

Pooled result

As reported in the abstract

Different NMES protocols applied

50

Pulse duration range

250-1,400 µs

Frequency range

20-121 Hz

Intensity range

2-250 mA or 20-250 V

Original publication

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for early rehabilitation in critically ill patients: a systematic review of applied protocols. Crit Care. Published 10 February 2026. doi:10.1186/s13054-026-05873-6

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