Prevalence and etiology of ventilator‐associated pneumonia during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Denmark: Wave‐dependent lessons learned from a mixed‐intensive care unit (ICU)
Authors' conclusion
The prevalence of VAP was high across all three COVID-19 waves and showed a different distribution of pathogens between the first and second wave. Use of DXM was not associated with VAP development.
Study context
- Population
- Mechanically ventilated critically ill COVID-19 patients in a Danish mixed ICU during the first three pandemic wavesmechanically ventilated
- Participants
- 119 participants
- Exposure
- Dexamethasone use vs no use
- Outcome
- Prevalence and etiology of VAP (IMV >48 h with a new bacterial agent and clinical signs of infection)
Methodological detailssingle-centre, retrospective screening
- Single-centre
- Retrospective screening
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
VAP prevalence, all three waves
All mechanically ventilated
44.5%
53 events
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) most prevalent during the second wave
- 47.0%
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- 24.5%
- Enterobacter aerogenes
- 17.0%
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- 13.2%
- Staphylococcus aureus
- 13.2%
- Escherichia coli
- 13.2%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Association of dexamethasone use with VAP
| aHR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dexamethasone useCox proportional hazards model · not associated | 1.63 (0.84–3.17) | |
| 0.20.5125Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | Values |
|---|---|
| Length of IMV in VAP patients | VAP median 24 (IQR 15–41) days |
Length of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in VAP patients
- 3 out of 4 VAP patients were males
Original publication
Prevalence and etiology of ventilator‐associated pneumonia during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Denmark: Wave‐dependent lessons learned from a mixed‐ICU. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. Published 23 September 2024. doi:10.
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