Perioperative medicine & outcomes
The relation between postoperative cognitive disorders and brain damage biomarkers after major urologic surgery: a prospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
In major urologic oncologic surgeries among geriatric patients, IL-6 and S-100β were found to be associated with both POD and POCD, while NSE was specifically associated with POD.
Study context
- Population
- Patients aged 60 years and older undergoing surgery for primary urologic malignanciescompleted the study
- Participants
- 54 patients
- Exposure
- Biomarker levels in patients with vs without postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)
- Outcome
- Relationship between POD (Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), recovery room) and POCD (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III), first week and third month) and biomarkers S-100β, NSE, IL-6, HMGB-1
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- POD incidence
- 12 (22.2%)
- POCD1 incidence
- 17 (31.5%)
- POCD3 incidence
- 12 (22.2%)
- Preoperative neuron-specific enolase (NSE) higher with POD vs without
- p = 0.04
- Preoperative IL-6 higher with POCD1 vs without
- p < 0.01
- Postoperative IL-6 higher with POCD1 vs without
- p = 0.01
- Preoperative S-100β higher with POCD1 vs without
- p < 0.01
- Postoperative S-100β higher with POCD1 vs without
- p = 0.03
- Preoperative IL-6 higher with POCD3 vs without
- p = 0.01
- Preoperative S-100β higher with POCD3 vs without
- p = 0.03
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- Mean age 73.8 ± 7.1 years
Original publication
The relation between postoperative cognitive disorders and brain damage biomarkers after major urologic surgery: a prospective cohort study. Perioper Med (Lond). Published 24 October 2025. doi:10.
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