Volatile sedation using isoflurane versus intravenous sedation in intensive care unit: a propensity matched case control study

doi:10.1016/j.aicoj.2026.100118

ICU sedation, delirium & recovery

Volatile sedation using isoflurane versus intravenous sedation in intensive care unit: a propensity matched case control study

Ann Intensive CarePublished 16 Jul 2026Propensity matched case control study

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Authors' conclusion

No difference in terms of mortality and adverse events occurrence was observed between intravenous and volatile sedation.

Study context

Population: ICU patients on mechanical ventilation >24 hours and sedated >12 hoursmatched cohort
Participants: 216 vs 432

Exposure: Volatile sedation vs IV sedation
Volatile sedationn = 216
Intravenous sedationn = 432reference
Outcome: ICU and hospital mortality

Methodological detailsprospective data warehouse (ReaSTOC)

Prospective data warehouse (ReaSTOC)

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

ICU mortality

p-value 0.73

Volatile sedation40.6%

Intravenous sedation42.3%

Hospital mortality

0.14

Volatile sedation43.5%

Intravenous sedation50.0%

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

Ventilation duration and ICU LOS

Higher in volatile sedation group

Safety

Major adverse events incl. AKI and dialysis

Similar across both groups

Original publication

Volatile sedation using isoflurane versus intravenous sedation in intensive care unit: a propensity matched case control study. Ann Intensive Care. Published 16 July 2026. doi:10.1016/j.aicoj.2026.100118

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