Respiratory failure & ventilation
Association Between Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Use and Clinical Outcomes During a Severe Asthma Exacerbation: A Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
In adult and pediatric patients, NPPV use for an asthma exacerbation was associated with a decreased risk of endotracheal intubation.
Study context
- Population
- Patients 5–80 years old hospitalized with an asthma exacerbation, State Inpatient Databases for New York and Florida, 2006–2019
- Participants
- 296,788 hospitalizations
- Exposure
- Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) vs no NPPV
- NPPV adultsn = 1,972
- No NPPV adultsn = 6,510reference
- NPPV pediatricn = 1,622
- No NPPV pediatricn = 4,766reference
- Outcome
- Subsequent intubation and in-hospital mortality
Methodological detailspropensity-score-matched, administrative data
- Propensity-score-matched
- Administrative data
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Relative risk (95% CI)
NPPV adults vs No NPPV adultsintubation
0.48(0.40–0.57)
NPPV adults vs No NPPV adultsin-hospital mortality
0.33(0.21–0.54)
NPPV pediatric vs No NPPV pediatricintubation
0.50(0.29–0.89)
NPPV pediatric vs No NPPV pediatricin-hospital mortality; not significant
0.41(0.15–1.11)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Trend in NPPV use, adults · 2006 to 2018
- NPPV use increased from 1.2% to 7.4%; absolute difference
- 6.1% (95% CI 5.6-6.7%)
Trend in NPPV use, pediatric · 2006 to 2018
- NPPV use increased from 0.7% to 7.1%; absolute difference
- 6.4% (95% CI 5.5-7.3%)
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Association Between Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Use and Clinical Outcomes During a Severe Asthma Exacerbation: A Cohort Study. Crit Care Med. Published 14 January 2026. doi:10.
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