Respiratory failure & ventilation
Association of primary spoken language and noninvasive ventilation failure in hospitalized adults
Authors' conclusion
NIV failure remains common and associated with high hospital mortality. Patients with Spanish PSL experience significantly higher odds of NIV failure and death compared to English PSL and even non-English/non-Spanish PSL.
Study context
- Population
- Hospitalised adults treated with noninvasive (NIV), 2021 State Inpatient Database from California, Iowa, and Maryland
- Participants
- 57,215 adults
- Exposure
- Spanish or non-English/non-Spanish vs English primary spoken language
- Outcome
- NIV failure (progression from NIV to intubation)
Methodological detailsmixed-effects models, multi-state administrative database
- Mixed-effects models
- Multi-state administrative database
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
NIV failure
Each group vs englishAdjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Spanish
1.63(1.52–1.74)
Non-English/non-Spanish
1.08(0.97–1.20)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | English | Spanish | Non-English/non-Spanish | aOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality among patients with NIV failureSpanish vs English | 56.5% | 69.7% | 61.1% | 1.45 (1.30–1.63) | |
| Mortality among patients with NIV failureNon-English/non-Spanish vs English | 0.99 (0.81–1.20) | ||||
| 0.512Adjusted odds ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Association of primary spoken language and noninvasive ventilation failure in hospitalized adults. J Crit Care. Published 26 April 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →