ICU sedation, delirium & recovery
Association of In-Hospital Influenza Vaccination With Reduced 1-Year Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Chronic Pulmonary Disease: A Real-World Target Trial Emulation
Authors' conclusion
Our results show that in-hospital influenza vaccination is effective for critically ill patients with CPD
Study context
- Population
- Critically ill inpatients with chronic pulmonary disease, MIMIC-IV database (2011–2022)
- Participants
- 7,734 inpatients
- Exposure
- In-hospital influenza vaccination vs no vaccination
- Vaccinatedn = 3,803
- Outcome
- 1-year mortality
- Follow-up
- 1 year
Methodological detailsretrospective cohort study, propensity-score matched, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database
- Retrospective cohort study
- Propensity-score matched
- Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Vaccination associated with reduced 1-year mortality (vaccine effectiveness (VE))
12%; 95% CI, 3%-20%
Number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent 1 death
30
95% CI 18–119
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate |
|---|---|
| 90-day mortality | lower mortality 12% (95% CI 1%–21%) |
| Readmission | reduced risk 13% (95% CI 3%–22%) |
| ED visits | lower rate 23% (95% CI 12%–32%) |
Safety
| Outcome | RD (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Fever within 7 days after vaccination (exploratory)Noninferiority demonstrated | 2.22% (−0.02% to 4.47%) | |
| −20246Difference (linear scale) |
- Fever within 7 days after vaccination (exploratory): noninferiority margin: upper 95% CI of risk difference (RD) < 5%
Original publication
Association of In-Hospital Influenza Vaccination With Reduced 1-Year Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Chronic Pulmonary Disease: A Real-World Target Trial Emulation. Chest. Published 28 April 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →