COVID-19 Pandemic and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Long-Term Nursing Home Stay or Death Following Hospital Discharge
Authors' conclusion
In this cross-sectional study, older adults hospitalized with sepsis experienced an approximately 50% reduction in long-term NH stay or death over a 5-year period before the pandemic.
Study context
- Population
- Community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years hospitalized with sepsis and discharged alive, January 2016 to June 2021
- Participants
- 2,964,517 hospitalizations
- Exposure
- Racial and ethnic minoritized groups vs non-Hispanic White individuals; pandemic vs before the pandemic
- Blackn = 282,646
- Asian or Pacific Islandern = 95,308
- Hispanicn = 279,011
- American Indian or Alaska Nativen = 19,549
- Outcome
- Long-term NH stay or death (residence in a nursing home >100 days after discharge with no period at home >30 days, or death >30 days after discharge)
Methodological detailsinterrupted time series analysis, Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File, Master Beneficiary Summary File and Minimum Data Set; analysed May to November 2024
- Interrupted time series analysis
- Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File, Master Beneficiary Summary File and Minimum Data Set; analysed May to November 2024
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Long-term NH stay or death by race and ethnicity
Each group vs Non-Hispanic WhiteAdjusted odds ratio (95% CI)P value
Black
1.33(1.30–1.37)
P < 0.001Asian or Pacific Islander
0.79(0.75–0.83)
P < 0.001Hispanic
0.72(0.70–0.74)
P < 0.001American Indian or Alaska Native
0.79(0.72–0.87)
P < 0.001Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aOR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Long-term NH stay or death over time before the pandemicPer quarter | 0.958 (0.957–0.959) | P < 0.001 | |
| Pandemic and long-term NH stay or death (non-Hispanic White)Pandemic vs Before the pandemic · each quarter | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Adjusted odds ratio (log scale) |
Long-term NH stay or death over time before the pandemic
- Declined from 13.5% in Q1 2016 to 6.9% in Q1 2020
Pandemic and long-term NH stay or death (non-Hispanic White)
- Pandemic not associated with differential changes for minoritized vs non-Hispanic White individuals
Original publication
COVID-19 Pandemic and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Long-Term Nursing Home Stay or Death Following Hospital Discharge. JAMA Netw Open. Published 2 January 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →