Organ support & nutrition

Diuretic therapy for critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Ann Intensive CarePublished Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Pooled result · MortalityResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 1.26 95% CrI 0.62–2.55

Authors' conclusion

Bolus loop diuretics were at least comparable to alternate diuretic strategies for patient important outcomes in critically ill adults, but this was based mostly on low or very low certainty evidence. Tolvaptan monotherapy may decrease acute kidney injury, but its effect on subsequent need for RRT and mortality remains uncertain.

Study context

Population
Critically ill adults requiring fluid removal
Participants
1,652 adults · 26 RCTs
Comparison
Diuretic strategies for fluid removal
Outcome
Mortality
Methodological detailsrandom-effects, GRADE for network meta-analysis, ROBUST-RCT risk of bias
  • Random-effects
  • GRADE for network meta-analysis
  • ROBUST-RCT risk of bias

Pooled result

As reported in the abstract

Odds ratio

1.26

95% CrI 0.62–2.55

Continuous loop infusion vs Bolus loop diuretics
OR 1.26 (95% CrI 0.62–2.55)

Further pooled results

OutcomeMD (days) (95% CrI)
ICU LOSContinuous loop infusion vs Bolus loop diuretics · CrI; low certainty · CrI1.56 (−0.02 to 3.16)
OutcomeOR (95% CrI)
AKITolvaptan monotherapy vs Bolus or continuous loop diuretics · CrI; low certainty · CrI0.12 (0.01–0.87)

AKI

No studies evaluated tolvaptan's effect on need for RRT

Original publication

Diuretic therapy for critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Ann Intensive Care. Published 21 July 2026. doi:10.1016/j.aicoj.2026.100120

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