Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study Using a Japanese ICU Registry
Main finding · Hospital mortalityResult — go to the resultRisk difference 6.1 % points 95% CI 3.4–8.7Authors' conclusion
Although RRT was associated with an increased risk of hospital mortality overall, HTEs were identified in selected subgroups that may benefit from RRT.
Study context
- Population
- Adult ICU patients, Japanese Intensive Care Patient Database, 2018–2023, excluding end-stage kidney disease, early death, readmission or normal renal functionpropensity-matched, analysed
- Participants
- 18,794 patients
- Exposure
- Renal replacement therapy (RRT) vs no RRT during the ICU stay
- RRTn = 9,397
- No RRTn = 9,397reference
- Outcome
- Hospital mortality
Methodological details1:1 propensity score matching, nationwide registry, machine learning-based causal forest
- 1:1 propensity score matching
- Nationwide registry
- Machine learning-based causal forest
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Risk difference
6.1 % points
95% CI 3.4–8.7
RRT vs No RRT
risk difference 6.1 % points (95% CI 3.4–8.7)
- Substantial heterogeneity of treatment effects (causal forest): rank-weighted average treatment effect, percentage points [95% CI, −9.7 to −6.7]
- −8.2
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study Using a Japanese ICU Registry. Crit Care Med. Published 10 August 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →