Respiratory failure & ventilation
High-Flow or Standard Oxygen in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
Primary result · MortalityResult — go to the resultDifference −0.05 percentage points 95% CI −4.21 to 4.10Authors' conclusion
Among patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, the use of oxygen delivered through a high-flow nasal cannula did not significantly reduce mortality at day 28.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (PaO2:FiO2 ≤200, respiratory rate >25 breaths/min, pulmonary infiltrate on chest imaging)1,110 analysed
- Participants
- 1,116 patients
- Comparison
- High-flow nasal cannula oxygen vs standard oxygen therapy
- High-flow oxygenn = 556
- Standard oxygenn = 554reference
- Primary endpoint
- Death
- Follow-up
- Day 28
Methodological detailsmulticentre, open-label
- Multicentre
- Open-label
Primary result
Mortality
Difference
−0.05 percentage points
95% CI −4.21 to 4.10
P = 0.98
Events by treatment group
High-flow oxygen vs Standard oxygen
difference −0.05 percentage points (95% CI −4.21 to 4.10); P = 0.98
As reported in the abstract
Further findings
| Outcome | High-flow oxygen | Standard oxygen | Difference (percentage points) (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intubation · day 28 | 42.4% | 48.4% | −5.93 (−11.78 to −0.08) | |
| −15−10−505Difference, percentage points (linear scale) |
Safety
Serious adverse events (cardiac arrest or pneumothorax) during spontaneous breathing
Original publication
High-Flow or Standard Oxygen in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure. N Engl J Med. Published 17 March 2026. doi:10.
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