Respiratory failure & ventilation
Immune clinical profiles as determinants of acute respiratory failure etiologies in critically ill patients with hematological malignancies: A multicenter analysis
Authors' conclusion
Immune dysfunction strongly influences ARF patterns and prognosis.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with hematological malignancies admitted to ICU with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF)
- Participants
- 708 patients
- Comparison
- Immune dysfunction profiles (phagocytic, humoral, cellular), malignancies and treatments vs ARF etiologies
- Primary endpoint
- Associations between malignancies, immune profiles, treatments and ARF causes
Methodological detailsmultivariate logistic regression, unsupervised hierarchical clustering
- Multivariate logistic regression
- Unsupervised hierarchical clustering
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Associations of immune dysfunction with ARF etiologies
- Phagocytic · bacterial causes
- OR 1.60; P = 0.026
- Phagocytic · infiltrative causes
- OR 2.17; P = 0.007
- Humoral · viral infections
- OR 1.83; P = 0.014
- Cellular · viral infections
- OR 1.70; P = 0.01
- Cellular · Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)
- OR 2.33; P = 0.03
Further findings
Mortality by immune-phenotypic cluster
| Outcome | OR | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Malignancy (AML, lymphomas) and ARF etiologiesAML · infiltrative ARF | 2.63 | P = 0.009 |
| Malignancy (AML, lymphomas) and ARF etiologiesAML · influenza | 0.34 | P = 0.002 |
| Malignancy (AML, lymphomas) and ARF etiologiesAML · PJP | 0.15 | P = 0.009 |
| Malignancy (AML, lymphomas) and ARF etiologiesLymphomas · pleural effusion | 4.31 | P < 0.001 |
| Malignancy (AML, lymphomas) and ARF etiologiesLymphomas · airway obstruction | 4.30 | P = 0.009 |
| Malignancy (AML, lymphomas) and ARF etiologiesLymphomas · aspiration pneumonia | 2.58 | P = 0.042 |
| Treatments/neutropenia and ARF etiologiesCorticosteroids · undiagnosed ARF | 2.07 | P = 0.03 |
| Treatments/neutropenia and ARF etiologiesNeutropenia · Gram-negative infections | 2.42 | P < 0.001 |
| Treatments/neutropenia and ARF etiologiesNeutropenia · fungal infections | 1.73 | P = 0.050 |
Main ARF etiologies
- Bacterial pneumonia
- 40.4%
- Viral infections
- 18.8%
- Invasive fungal infections
- 16.8%
- Undiagnosed
- 12.7%
Original publication
Immune clinical profiles as determinants of acute respiratory failure etiologies in critically ill patients with hematological malignancies: A multicenter analysis. J Crit Care. Published 25 August 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →