Cardiothoracic & vascular anesthesia
Preoperative Endothelial Activation and Stress Index as a predictor of in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: A retrospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Preoperative EASIX is a validated, cost-effective tool for predicting in-hospital mortality and postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB.
Study context
- Population
- Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at University Hospital Heidelberg, 2015 to 20239,642 considered
- Participants
- 7,233 patients
- Exposure
- Preoperative Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as predictor of in-hospital mortality
- Trainingn = 4,446
- Validationn = 2,787
- Outcome
- In-hospital mortality
Methodological detailssingle-centre, training and validation cohorts
- Single-centre
- Training and validation cohorts
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Odds ratio per log 2 increase in EASIX
2.08
P < 0.001
Training
OR, EASIX >2.32
9.37
Training
OR, EASIX >2.32
4.47
Validation
Validation
- AUC without EASIX
- 0.74
- AUC with EASIX
- 0.78
Validation
AUC without EASIX0.74
AUC with EASIX0.78
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
ICU and ventilator days (EASIX >2.32)
- Significantly more ICU and ventilator days with EASIX >2.32
- P < 0.001
Postoperative bleeding (EASIX >2.32)
- Higher risk of postoperative bleeding with EASIX >2.32
Original publication
Preoperative Endothelial Activation and Stress Index as a predictor of in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: A retrospective cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. Published 10 November 2025. doi:10.
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