Cardiothoracic & vascular anesthesia
Preoperative Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Survival After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Among cardiac surgery patients, preoperative iron-deficiency anemia is associated with decreased survival and higher health care utilization compared to patients with no anemia and unspecified anemia.
Study context
- Population
- Adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve, or combined CABG/valve surgery
- Participants
- 5,960 consecutive adults
- Exposure
- Iron-deficiency anemia vs Unspecified anemia vs No anemia
- Iron-deficiency anemian = 338
- Unspecified anemian = 1,918
- No anemian = 3,704reference
- Outcome
- Survival at 30 and 365 days
- Follow-up
- 30 and 365 days
Methodological detailssingle academic center, consecutive adults
- Single academic center
- Consecutive adults
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Mortality
Iron-deficiency anemia vs No anemiaHazard ratio (95% CI)P value
30-day mortality
1.91(1.22–2.98)
P = 0.004365-day mortality
2.78(2.13–3.62)
P < 0.001Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Prevalence of anemia categories
| Outcome | Estimate | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICU LOS (longer)Iron-deficiency anemia vs No anemia · adjusted | HR 0.84 (95% CI 0.76–0.94) | P = 0.002 | |
| Hospital LOS (longer)Iron-deficiency anemia vs No anemia · adjusted | HR 0.75 (95% CI 0.68–0.83) | P < 0.001 | |
| ED visits · 1 yearIron-deficiency anemia vs No anemia · adjusted | IRR 1.36 (95% CI 1.15–1.61) | P < 0.001 | |
| ED visits · 1 yearIron-deficiency anemia vs Unspecified anemia · adjusted | IRR 1.26 (95% CI 1.07–1.50) | P = 0.007 | |
| 365-day mortality vs unspecified anemia | HR 1.48 (95% CI 1.17–1.88) | P = 0.001 | |
| 0.512Ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | Difference (days) (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median DAH (decreased)Iron-deficiency anemia vs No anemia · adjusted | −3.71 (−7.16 to −0.27) | P = 0.03 | |
| −10−505Difference, days (linear scale) |
Original publication
Preoperative Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Survival After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. Published 11 April 2026. doi:10.
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