Respiratory failure & ventilation

Volatile anesthetic sedation in acute respiratory distress syndrome

Intensive Care MedPublished Narrative review

Authors' conclusion

However, a recent multicenter randomized controlled trial found that sevoflurane sedation for patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS reduced ventilator free days at day 28 and increased mortality compared to propofol sedation.

Study context

Population
Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Comparison
Volatile anesthetic sedation vs propofol sedation in ARDS

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

  • Preliminary data: reductions in inflammatory mediators and improved oxygenation with volatile anesthetics in ARDS
  • Recent multicentre RCT: sevoflurane sedation in moderate-to-severe ARDS reduced ventilator free days at day 28 and increased mortality vs propofol sedation
  • Ongoing and recently completed trials include respiratory failure, none solely in ARDS

Further findings

Priorities for future trials

Reconsider dose, agent selection and duration of volatile sedation; heterogeneity of treatment effect across ARDS sub-phenotypes

Original publication

Volatile anesthetic sedation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med. Published 28 September 2026. doi:10.1007/s00134-026-08613-0

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