Noninvasive cardiac index estimation under general anaesthesia: comparison between the VenArt® device and transthoracic echocardiography
Authors' conclusion
The VenArt® device showed negligible bias and acceptable differences. Trending ability was favourable, with clinically acceptable agreement and high concordance in tracking haemodynamic changes.
Study context
- Population
- Women (ASA I–III) undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological procedures under GA273 paired values analysed
- Participants
- 55 women
- Exposure
- VenArt® device vs transthoracic echocardiography for cardiac index
- Outcome
- Agreement in cardiac index (Bland-Altman: bias, precision, mean percentage error, limits of agreement)
Methodological detailsprospective, observational
- Prospective
- Observational
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Agreement in cardiac index between VenArt® and transthoracic echocardiography (Bland-Altman analysis)
- Bias (95% CI 0-0.05), L min-1 m-2
- 0.02
- Precision
- 0.20
- Mean percentage error
- 14.7% (95% CI 13.2-16.2%)
- Lower limit of agreement (95% CI −0.41 to −0.33), L min-1 m-2
- −0.37
- Upper limit of agreement (95% CI 0.37-0.45), L min-1 m-2
- 0.41
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Trending ability of cardiac index changes
- Four-quadrant concordance rate
- 95.88%
- Mean polar angle
- 0.75°
- Polar angle SD
- 13.4°
- Radial limits of agreement within ±30°
- Good agreement
Original publication
Noninvasive cardiac index estimation under general anaesthesia: comparison between the VenArt® device and transthoracic echocardiography. BJA Open. Published 17 December 2025. doi:10.
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