Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections in patients with immunosuppression: a cohort study
Primary result · 28-day mortality (Cox model stratified by immunosuppression status)Result — go to the resultHazard ratio 1.023 95% CI 1.017–1.030Authors' conclusion
Immunosuppressed patients had a lower adjusted survival probability compared to non-immunosuppressed patients. Moreover, P. aeruginosa was the most frequently identified etiological pathogen in immunosuppressed patients.
Study context
- Population
- Adult ICU patients with nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections (nLRTI), European Network for ICU-related Respiratory Infections
- Participants
- 1,060 patients
- Comparison
- Immunosuppressed vs non-immunosuppressed patients with nLRTI
- Immunosuppressedn = 264
- Primary endpoint
- 28-day mortality
- Follow-up
- 28 days
Methodological detailsmulticentre, Cox proportional hazards model
- Multicentre
- Cox proportional hazards model
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
28-day mortality (Cox model stratified by immunosuppression status)
Hazard ratio
1.023
95% CI 1.017–1.030
P < 0.001
SAPS II (per point increase)
HR 1.023 (95% CI 1.017–1.030); P < 0.001
Per point increase, as printed
Further findings
Pseudomonas aeruginosa as causative microorganism · predominant microorganism in both groups
P = 0.032
Prevalence of immunosuppression
- Immunosuppression observed in patients
- 24.9% (264/1060)
- Oncological conditions the most common etiology of immunosuppression
Mortality risk within immunosuppressed patients (subgroup)
- Significant heterogeneity; hematological malignancies, recent chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation associated with highest mortality
Original publication
Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections in patients with immunosuppression: a cohort study. Ann Intensive Care. Published 6 May 2025. doi:10.
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