Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
Authors' conclusion
penKid testing shows promise as an early AKI biomarker following EVAR procedures, particularly for identifying low-risk AKI patients.
Study context
- Population
- Patients undergoing elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), April 2022 to June 2024
- Participants
- 68 patients
- Comparison
- penKid vs ELISA
- Outcome
- AKI according to KDIGO criteria (diagnostic performance of proenkephalin A 119-159)
Methodological detailsexplorative, single-centre, cross-sectional, two measurement methods, Blood samples collected preoperatively and on three consecutive postoperative days
- Explorative
- Single-centre
- Cross-sectional
- Two measurement methods
- Blood samples collected preoperatively and on three consecutive postoperative days
Performance
As reported in the abstract
Diagnostic performance for AKI (KDIGO)
| Test or model | Gwet's AC1 (agreement with KDIGO) | P | Sensitivity (day 1) | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| penKid | 0.52 | p < .001 | 80% | 51% |
penKid
Gwet's AC1 (agreement with KDIGO)0.52
Pp < .001
Sensitivity (day 1)80%
Specificity51%
Further findings
Hospital LOS
P = 0.028
6-month survival
P = 0.006
| Outcome | AKI | No AKI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| penKid levels, AKI vs no AKISignificantly higher in AKI | median 96.47 pmol/L | median 63.01 ng/mL | P = 0.001 |
Acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence (KDIGO criteria)
- AKI occurred
- 18 (26.5%)
Original publication
Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods. Perioper Med (Lond). Published 4 July 2025. doi:10.
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