Cardiothoracic & vascular anesthesia

Real-Time Individualization of Unfractionated Heparin (UFH) Dosing in Cardiac Procedures: Development and Validation of an Online ACT-Based Target-Controlled Tool

J Cardiothorac Vasc AnesthPublished Retrospective cohort study

Main finding · ACT variabilityResult — go to the resultVariance ratio 2.3

Authors' conclusion

The real-time individualized UFH dosing algorithm was associated with improved control of ACT values and reduced variability during cardiac procedures in this retrospective analysis.

Study context

Population
Adults undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)446 development, 105 validation
Participants
83 vs 83
Exposure
Individualized dosing vs Controls
  • Individualized dosingn = 83
  • Controlsn = 83reference
Outcome
ACT variability
Methodological detailsmodel development and external validation, matched historical controls, multiinstitutional external validation
  • Model development and external validation
  • Matched historical controls
  • Multiinstitutional external validation

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

Variance ratio

2.3

P < 0.001

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

Model predictive performance

Strong predictive performance; bias and mean absolute error decreased as additional activated clotting time (ACT) measurements were incorporated
  • Development 446 patients (2,534 ACT measurements); external validation 105 patients

Original publication

Real-Time Individualization of UFH Dosing in Cardiac Procedures: Development and Validation of an Online ACT-Based Target-Controlled Tool. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. Published 3 April 2026. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2026.03.058

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